Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Entrepreneurial Intention pada Kalangan Muda: Peran Moderasi Entrepreneurial Education

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Kewirausahaan menjadi salah satu faktor yang mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi negara, inovasi dan memperluas lapangan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi niat berwirausaha kalangan muda, dengan dimoderasi oleh peran entrepreneurial education. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kalangan muda di Jakarta Utara dengan menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kausalitas dan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dari 100 responden kalangan muda di Jakarta Utara yang memiliki pengalaman berbisnis sebelumnya dengan kriteria usia 18-35 tahun. Model konseptual dilakukan dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa prior business experience, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation dan family support secara individual berpengaruh positif terhadap niat berwirausaha kalangan muda. Kemudian, peran moderasi entrepreneurial education hanya mampu memperkuat pengaruh prior business experience terhadap entrepreneurial intention. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kalangan muda yang memiliki pengetahuan kewirausahaan namun tidak memiliki pengalaman berbisnis sebelumnya, belum tentu merasa mudah dan termotivasi untuk memulai serta mengembangkan usaha baru. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi wawasan dan ilmu pengetahuan kepada pelaku UMKM, mahasiswa, masyarakat dan lembaga pendidikan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri dan motivasi kalangan muda untuk terlibat dalam berwirausaha.

Kata Kunci: Prior business experience, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation, family support, entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial intention.

ABSTRACT

Entrepreneurship is one factor supporting the country's economic growth, innovation, and expanding employment. This study aims to determine how much the factors that influence entrepreneurial intentions among young people, are moderated by the role of entrepreneurial education. This research was conducted among young people in North Jakarta using a descriptive causality research design and quantitative approach with a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected from 100 young North Jakarta respondents with previous business experience with the age criteria of 18-35 years. The conceptual model was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and based on the results of the study revealed that prior business experience, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation, and family support individually have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention among young people. Then, the moderating role of entrepreneurial education is only able to strengthen the effect of prior business experience on entrepreneurial intention. This shows that young people who have entrepreneurial knowledge but do not have previous business experience do not necessarily find it easy and motivated to start and develop new businesses. This research is expected to contribute insights and knowledge to SME actors, students, communities, and educational institutions, to increase the confidence and motivation of young people to engage in entrepreneurship.

Keywords: Prior business experience, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation, family support, entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial intention.